Russian space shuttle BURAN

Within the context of the Buran program carried out in the mid-1980s of the 20th century FSUE ORPE "Technologiya" developed a number of materials and structures the weight of which was 10 tons of the total 100 tons of the space shuttle. The solution of complex problems favoured the development of the enterprise. The developments were introduced into production. Later the scientific results were widely used for the development of new materials and products for rocket-borne and space-borne equipment, aviation, ground-based applications.

THERMAL PROTECTION FOR THE BURAN BODY

The modifications of the ТЗМК-10 and ТЗМК-25 materials were used for thermal protection of the Buran body in the form of tiles with the dimensions from 160 x 160 to 225 x 325 mm² which work within -150°С – +1100°С for no less than 10 years and at 1250°C - for no less than 36 hours.
Thermoprotective tiles withstood the flight successfully: only 10 out of 36000 tiles had to be replaced after the landing of the space shuttle. The ТМЗК materials are resistant to high temperature, thermal shock and temperature drop. They have low density, proper strength and elasticity, they are radioparent.

A SANDWICH PANEL FOR THE CARGO BAY DOOR

is a large curved structure with carbon-filled organoplastic skins locally stiffened with polymeric honeycomb core.

• Maximum deviation of the outer surface from the theoretical one - no more than 0,2 mm
• 1m² mass - no more than 4,0 kg
• Lack of mechanical joints
• Weight saving over a glass-reinforced plastic analog - no less than 22%

CARGO BAY DOOR BEAM

is a carbon fiber-reinforced structure with П-shaped cross section and high-strength flanges and webs.

• Weight saving over a metallic analog - no less than 15%
• Lack of mechanical joints
• 14% reduction in technological cycle at the expense of co-curing of flanges and webs

GLAZING FOR SPACE OBJECTS

Glazing for cockpits of aerospace recoverable vehicles of "Buran" type – high-strength heat-resistant optically and radiation-resistant glazing.

Characteristics:

• 20% lower weight than that of analogues
• Strength 300-400 MPa
• Light transmission per 1cm of thickness 90%
• Double refraction up to 50 nm/cm
• Radiation and optical resistance to the doses of γ-radiation of up to 10⁵ roentgen
• Operating temperature 700K

CERAMIC ELEMENTS OF THE CUT-OFF BRIDGES AT THE POINTS OF ATTACHMENT OF A NOSE FAIRING AND A WING LEADING EDGE SECTION

to a space shuttle primary structure work successfully within 143-1473K in the air and in vacuum. They withstand a load of 1200 kg and vibration and impact overloads.

Ceramic bearings

Tubes for the pressurization system and airframe ventilation

are light, have antistatic coating. They were used in Buran conditioning system.

• Diameter 20 - 300 mm
• Density 1,1 - 1,2 g/cm³
• Thickness 0,4 - 0,6 mm
• Operating temperature from - 60 to + 150°С
• Overpressure 1,2 atm.

Polymeric honeycomb core blocks
for large-sized doors of a cargo bay

Honeycomb cores are weight reducing elements for the structures from polymeric paper impregnated with resins. They are water - , fire - and bioresistant.
Overall dimensions of the honeycomb core blocks are 1500 x 650 x H mm³, where H is given by a customer.
Honeycomb core blocks are easy to join and this makes it possible to obtain lightened structures with different dimensions.

High-Temperature Textolites

Glass-reinforced plastic cloth СТП-97с - laminated material from pressed glass cloth and polyimide binder. It is used as a thermal-insulating and structural material.
Glass-reinforced plastic cloth СТАФ-1 - pressed laminated material consisting of two and more layers of silica-based cloth and aluminophosphate composition. It can be used for 500 hours at 500°C and for 200 hours - at 600°C.

Thermal seals

high-nap -

intended to protect structure elements against the influence of high temperatures;

low-nap -

intended to seal the joints of different structure elements working within -130°C – +500°C;

quartz thermal-insulating cords -

operating temperature -130°C – +1100°C.

Elevon Protective Plates -

honeycomb primary structures with thermal-insulating core. They are used to protect elevons against the influence of air flow during space shuttle descent.

• On-duty time 20 minutes in the range of temperatures from 670K to 2070K
• Blank dimensions 1320 x 730 x 165 mm³
• Density 520(-60/+40) kg/m³
• Ultimate strengh

    under compression - no less than 20 kgF/cm²,
    under bending - no less than 10 kgF/cm²,
    under shear - no less than 1,7 kgF/cm²,
    under tension - no less than 10 kgF/cm².

Containers for thermoprotective blocks

Sealing compounds

Powders for erosion-resistant coatings

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